语言多样性、语言距离与经济发展研究述略

An Overview for the Research on Linguistic Diversity,Linguistic Distance and Economic Development

近几年,在经济发展的研究中,国内外经济学家开始关注语言变量,不仅将语言作为一个重要的代理变量或工具变量加入理论及实证模型中,而且侧重研究语言本身的特质对经济社会的影响。具体到语言这一变量的特质,学界主要是通过个体语言学习时长、语言熟练程度、语言成绩等微观变量以及国家或地区语言多样性、语言距离等宏观变量对收入、贸易及经济增长的影响路径进行研究的。本文综述和评介了近几十年关于语言多样性及语言距离对经济发展的影响的主要理论和实证文献,使国内学者了解此领域的发展脉络及现状,以期为语言学及经济学相关研究提供有益的思路。

In recent years,in the study of economic development,economists at home and abroad have begun to pay attention to language variables,not only adding language as an important proxy variable or tool variable into the theoretical and empirical models,but also focusing on the impact of the characteristics of language itself on economic society.In terms of the characteristics of language,the academic community mainly studies the influence path of income,trade and economic growth through micro variables such as individual language learning time,language proficiency,language achievement,and macro variables such as national or regional language diversity and language distance.This paper reviews the main theoretical and empirical literature on the impact of linguistic diversity and linguistic distance on economic development in recent decades,so that domestic scholars can understand the development context and current situation of this field,in order to provide useful ideas for linguistics and economics related research.