合同僵局中违约方解除合同的司法实践及路径研究

Study on Judicial Practice and Path of Contract Termination by the Defaulting Party in Contract Deadlock

我国《合同法》(已失效)在合同解除制度上仅规定了约定解除和法定解除的条件。而合同僵局中,违约方解除合同往往既不符合约定解除条件,更不符合法定解除条件。能否以及如何赋予违约方合同解除权,以打破合同僵局,推动交易正常化,是当前亟待解决的重要问题。本文以裁判文书为分析对象,对审判实践中准予和不准予违约方解除合同诉求之事由进行类型化分析,运用法学解释的方法分析《民法典》关于违约方解除合同规则的解决思路。

Contract Law of the People’s Republic of China(invalid)only stipulates the conditions for contract cancellation and statutory cancellation in the contract cancellation system.In case of contract deadlock,the breaching party terminates the contract that often neither meets the agreed termination conditions,nor does it comply with the statutory termination conditions.It is important whether and how to give the breaching party the right to terminate the contract so that he can break the contract and promote the normalization of transactions.This article takes the judgment document as the analysis object,and analyzes the reasons why the breaching party is allowed and not allowed to terminate the contract in the trial practice,and uses the method of legal interpretation to analyze the solution of the Civil Code of the People’s Republic of China on the breaching party’s contract termination rules.