国内商事仲裁内部“纠错”机制的完善——以《中华人民共和国仲裁法》修改为背景

增强国内商事仲裁的公信力,是我国仲裁事业紧迫而长远的任务。增强商事仲裁的公信力,在很大程度上仰赖于裁决的公正与高效,即裁决的高质量。提高裁决的质量,仲裁的内部纠错机制就至关重要,既包括裁决前的质量把控,也包括裁决后的有错必纠。当前国内商事仲裁内部纠错机制的裁决前质量把控,主要依靠文书的核阅,裁决后的内部纠错机制,仅仅是文书的补正。现有的“纠错机制”虽然成效明显,但是依然存在诸多不足。要弥补这些不足,需要正确处理仲裁庭审裁与仲裁机构的干预、当事人意思自治与仲裁程序的严谨性和保密性、仲裁的公正与效率、仲裁公信力与社会诚信治理的关系。为进一步提高仲裁的质量,建议在未来的《仲裁法》修改中,确立裁决书初稿征求意见、规范裁决书核阅、构建仲裁自发再审等内部“纠错”机制。

Enhancing the publiccredibility of China’s commercial arbitration is an urgent and long-term mission.Public credibility relies on the just and efficient adjudication in a large extent,that is the high quality of adjudication.Then,internal error correction mechanism plays an important role in quality control before an adjudication and correction after adjudication.Particularly,the quality control mainly depends on award review but correction after adjudication only has supplement.Though the present error correction mechanism is effective,there are still many shortages.Therefore,dealing with arbitral court ruling and arbitral organizations’intervention,autonomy of parties’will and procedure conscientiousness,and adjudication’s just and efficiency,public credibility,and social honesty governance correctly are needed.Finally,we suggest that introducing first draft of the ruling solicits comments,regulating arbitral awards,building the spontaneous retrial system,and such internal error correction mechanism in amendments to the Arbitration Law in the future.