蓝图未来主义科幻小说:滥觞、发展和性质

蓝图未来主义是中国科幻小说创作中出现的第一个跨界文学形式。这种形式是通过建构一个发展蓝图去促发未来科幻景观,让整个故事获得内在关系结构与动力基础。在中国科幻文学的完整版图中,蓝图未来主义作品不多,《新中国未来记》是这类作品的肇始。本文分析了包括“渤海巨龙”、“山山水水”、《战神的后裔》、“流浪地球”、《AI未来进行式》等在内的若干小说,指出蓝图未来主义具有独特的结构性、乌托邦性和跨界性。这种文学亚类型跟科幻现实主义具有部分重叠,但跟运演未来主义和体验未来主义等中国科幻未来主义创作相互区隔,是一种独特的科幻小说亚类型。

Blueprint futurism science fiction is the first cross-border literary sub-genre emerging in the field of Chinese science fiction.This sub-genre promotes the science fiction landscape by constructing a blueprint for future development.It allows the entire story to gain an internal structure and dynamic base.In the history of Chinese science fiction,there are not many blueprints sub-genre works.This sub-genre can be traced back to Liang Qichao's The Future of New China in 1902.This article analyzes several blueprint futurism science fictions including“The Giant Dragon of the Bohai Sea”,“Mountains and Rivers”,Descendants of Mars,“Wandering Earth”,and AI 2041:Ten Visions for Our Future.It points out that blueprint futurism science fiction has a unique structural and utopian nature,and this literary sub-genre overlaps with realist science fiction in part but is separated from other Chinese science fiction futurism such as operational and experiential futurism.