藏语巴德话的基本指示词nə^(53)和tə^(31)

Basic Demonstratives nə^(53) and tə^(31) in the Pada Tibetan

藏语巴德话的基本指示系统由nə^(53)和tə^(31)构成。基本指示词nə^(53)和tə^(31)可单独做论元,也可修饰名词性成分。它们与名词有前置、后置和前后并置三种语序类型,前后并置型语序在跨语言中较少见。巴德话三种类型的指名结构在指示功能和指称意义上存在差异。后置型是藏语的优势语序,巴德话后置指示词tə^(31)表定指,这是语用功能诱发的;指示词前置于中心语承担指别功能,可能是语言自身语法系统和语言接触共同作用的结果。

The basic demonstrative system in the Pada(Dba'sde)Tibetan language consists of nə^(53)and tə^(31).They are used as argument independently,and can also modify nouns in noun phrases.These two demonstratives may precede,follow or be juxtaposed to a noun within a noun phrase.Juxtaposition is typologically rare.Different demonstrative and noun orders have different deictic functions and referential meanings.Postposition is the dominant order in Written Tibetan.tə^(31)in postposition conveys definite meaning which is induced by pragmatic function.Preposition conveys distance and it is the result of grammatical system and language contact.