基于中继-巡视无人机协同作业的输电线路山火隐患特征分析

Characteristics of hill fire hazards in transmission lines based on relay-patrol cooperative operation of UAVs

为揭示真实环境下输电线路山火隐患特征,提出基于中继-巡视协同作业的无人机巡查技术方案,在全国多个省市开展基于中继-巡视无人机的输电线路巡视作业,深入分析输电线路山火隐患特征。结果表明:输电线路隐患主要包括山火隐患、现场施工隐患以及线路主体隐患,山火隐患占比77.2%是影响输电线路安全的最主要因素。山火隐患从产生原因可分为焚烧杂草、燃烧秸秆、林地/防护林着火以及祭拜烧纸。山火隐患具有明显的时空分布特征,4月份的山火隐患主要集中于清明节祭拜烧纸,78.7%的山火隐患发生在距输电线路50 m以外的区域。山火隐患共包括122次单火源隐患和61次多火源隐患,多火源隐患中双火源隐患较多占比达45.9%,78.6%的多火源点间距位于0~30 m区间。山火隐患的火源面积分布广泛,最大火源面积26.4 m^(2),最小火源面积0.12 m^(2),整体上84.4%的火源面积小于4 m^(2)。

In order to reveal the characteristics of hill fire hazards in transmission lines in China′s real environments,a technical scheme of UAV patrol based on relay-patrol cooperative operation was proposed.The transmission line patrol based on the relay-patrol operation of UAVs was carried out in many provinces and cities in China,and then the characteristics of hill fire hazards in transmission lines were analyzed.The results show that the hazards in transmission lines mainly include hill fire hazards,on-site construction hazards,and line hazards.The proportion of hill fire hazards is 77.2%,which is the most important factor affecting the safety of transmission lines.The causes of hill fire hazards can be divided into weed burning,straw burning,forest land/shelter forest burning,and paper burning for worshiping.Hill fire hazards have obvious spatial and temporal distribution characteristics.Hill fire hazards in April are mainly caused by paper burning for worshiping on the Qingming Festival,and 78.7%of the hill fire hazards occur in areas 50 m away from the transmission line.There are 122 hill fire hazards caused by a single fire source and 61 hill fire hazards induced by multiple fire sources.Among the hazards induced by multiple fire sources,those caused by double fire sources account for 45.9%,and 78.6%of the multiple fire source points are located in the spacing of 0-30 m.The fire source area of hill fire hazards is widely distributed.The maximum fire source area is 26.4 m^(2),and the minimum fire source area is only 0.12 m^(2).Overall,84.4%of the fire source area is less than 4 m^(2).