基于先进检测的锅炉低负荷安全运行控制系统

Safety operation control system for boilers under low load based on advanced detection

为解决锅炉低负荷工况下运行存在的燃烧不稳定、水动力、受热面结焦、爆管、空预器堵塞等问题,基于新能源并网比例不断增加、火电厂深调能力要求越来越高的现状,结合当前大部分电厂存在的运行技术的不足,设计一种锅炉低负荷安全运行控制系统,采用低负荷燃烧稳定性定量检测、燃烧器风粉流动参数精细监测等先进检测技术,构建锅炉燃烧精细化检测与智能化控制系统,为燃烧安全问题提供完整的解决方案。结果表明:锅炉低负荷安全运行控制系统能够实现锅炉20%~30%负荷下不投油稳定燃烧;通过精细控制,可实现20%~100%宽负荷锅炉效率和排放的最优控制,比应用锅炉低负荷安全运行控制系统前煤耗平均下降1.5~2.0 g/(kW·h)。

When a boiler worked under a low load,there were unstable combustion,hydrodynamic force,heating surface coking,pipe burst,air preheater blockage,and other problems.In order to solve these problems,a safety operation control system for boilers under low load was designed.The system was developed by considering the increasing proportion of new energy connected to the grid and the high requirements for in-depth peak regulation capacity of thermal power plants.The shortcomings of operating technologies in most power plants were also analyzed.Furthermore,advanced detection technologies such as quantitative detection of combustion stability under low load and fine monitoring of air-powder flow parameters of burner were adopted.A system ensuring refined detection and intelligent control for boiler combustion was constructed,which provided a solution to the combustion safety problem.The results show that safety operation control system for boilers under low load realizes the stable combustion under 20%-30%load of boilers without oil.In addition,the optimal control of efficiency and emission of 20%-100%wide-load boilers is realized through fine control.As a result,the average coal consumption is reduced by 1.5-2.0 g/(kW·h)after the application of the safety operation control system for boilers under low load.