无人水电站运行风险分析与应急管控策略研究

Operation risk analysis and emergency control strategy for unmanned hydropower stations

为提升无人水电站的安全生产能力,以运行风险为切入点,研究无人水电站面对异常状态的预防措施与应急响应策略。首先,根据无人水电站的生产特点,重点针对其在极端条件和无人值守情况下所面临的9类运行风险进行识别与分析;其次,基于无人水电站的运行管理模式,以确保库坝-厂房-设备-人员安全为目标,提出对应性的风险预防措施;最后,以系统自主、远程协助、现场指挥3道防线为核心,设计应急响应流程,建立风险分级管控机制,并以深溪沟无人水电站为例进行分析。结果表明:结合水电生产特点与管理模式,针对极端因素影响形成的系统性风险,开展风险分析、防范与应急响应设计,有助于提高无人水电站运行风险防控的标准化水平。

In order to improve work safety ability of unmanned hydropower stations,preventive measures and emergency response strategies in the face of abnormal states were studied from the perspective of operation risk.Firstly,nine kinds of operation risks under extreme conditions and unattended conditions were identified and analyzed according to production characteristics of the stations.Secondly,based on their operation management mode,corresponding risk prevention measures were proposed to ensure the safety of"dam-plant-equipment-person".Finally,with three defense lines of"system autonomy,remote assistance and on-site command"as the core,emergency response process was designed and risk classification control mechanism was established before they were verified through a case study on Shenxigou unmanned hydropower station.The results show that to analyze risks and design preventive and response measures based on characteristics of hydropower production and management mode are very helpful in improving standardization level of risk prevention and control for unmanned hydropower stations considering systematic risks caused by extreme factors.