尾砂粒径对尾矿坝漫顶溃坝的影响

Influence of particle size on overtopping dam break of tailings dam

为探究不同粒径尾砂筑坝的尾矿坝发生漫顶溃坝时的溃决反应,以永平燕仓尾矿库尾砂为筑坝材料,将尾矿砂筛分为中砂、细砂、粉砂,开展溃坝物理模型试验,并采用FLOW3D软件进行数值模拟验证。结果表明:中砂筑坝时,漫顶溃坝溃决形式主要表现为冲刷推移破坏;粉砂筑坝时,溃决形式主要表现为侵蚀下切破坏;细砂筑坝时,则表现出冲刷推移和侵蚀下切2种特性。物理试验和数值模拟在溃坝流量、时间等方面取得较好的一致性,证明物理模型和数值计算相结合的方法在模拟尾矿库漫顶溃坝中具有一定的可靠性。

In order to explore overtopping break reactions of dam constructed by tailings of different particle sizes,with tailings of Yancang tailings pond in Yongping Copper Mine used as dam material,physical dambreak test was carried out with medium sand,fine sand and silt.Then,numerical simulation was conducted for verification by using FLOW3D software.The results show that when middle sand is used,dam collapse is mainly represented by surface scouring and displacement failure while being represented majorly by downward erosive when silt is used,and is both of them in the case of fine sand.The physical test and numerical simulation achieve good consistency in terms of dam break flow and time,etc.,which indicates reliability of the method combining both test and numerical calculation in simulating tailings dam break.