一道光学习题常见解法辨析

Analysis of Common Solutions to an Optical Exercise

在目前的大学物理教材中,一般会有根据光栅方程计算衍射条纹角距的问题,这类问题的一般解法是把光栅方程微分,然后以差分近似代替微分进而进行计算。文章指出了这一解法存在的个别细节处理不准确、公式使用不够方便、没有给出方法的适用条件等问题,通过理论研究、实例验证等方法,对这些问题做了详尽分析,在此基础上,给出了解决这些问题的建议。

The problems of calculating the angular distance of diffraction fringes according to grating equation are usually found in current college physics textbooks.The general solution to this kind of problems is to differentiate the grating equation,and then substitute differential for difference approximately to calculate.Some problems of the method,such as inaccurate processing of individual details,not convenient use of formulas,and not giving the applicable conditions of the method,are pointed out.Through theoretical research and example verification,these problems are analyzed in detail,and on this basis,some suggestions are given to solve these problems.