孙绰玄学思想浅析

On Sun Chuo’s Metaphysical Thought

孙绰是东晋时期著名的玄言诗人,其玄学思想深受王弼、郭象学说的影响。在本体论层面,孙绰倾向于“以无为本”的观点,提出“出有而入无”。在境界论层面,孙绰追求一种不废名教而德合自然、处身俗世而游心道境的理想品格,主张“出处同归”。又,孙绰将“得意忘言”的玄学方法论与文学创作实践相结合,形成了一种敏锐的文学修辞意识,被尊为“一时文宗”。

Sun Chuo is a famous metaphysical poet in the Eastern Jin Dynasty.His metaphysical thought is heavily influenced by theories of Wang Bi and Guo Xiang.In terms of ontology,Sun Chuo believes that“nothing is the origin of the world”and proposes“out of being and into nothing”.In the field of personality theory,Sun Chuo pursues an ideal personality that is both adapted to feudal ritual and in line with human nature,and argues that“it is the same to be an official or a hermit as long as one always pursues metaphysics”.In addition,Sun Chuo combines the metaphysical methodology of“mastering the meaning by forgetting the speech”with literary practice,resulting in a keen sense of literary rhetoric,and is finally revered as the“grandmaster of literature for a time”.