南朝山水书札美学特质与士心尚隐成因探略——以《答谢中书书》与《与朱元思书》为考察中心

Ountains and Rivers Letters in the Southern Dynasties and the Causes of Scholars’ Concealment

南朝时,士人自然审美意识觉醒,体貌山水逐渐成为士人日常生活的重要组成部分,山水书札即是典型的确证。其内涵呈现出别样的美学风味:俯仰自得讲求空间意识,气韵生动注重生命意识。另外士心尚隐之风渐起,究其主要原因:一是政治上仕途困踬;二是思想上率性而为。这套"避隐"的处世哲学成为古代失意文人逃避社会现实、寻求精神安宁推崇的行为范式。

In the Southern Dynasty,scholars’natural aesthetic consciousness was awakened,and their physical appearance and landscape gradually became an important part of their daily life.In part,landscape letters are typical confirmations.Its connotation presents a different aesthetic flavor:admiration,self satisfaction,and emphasis on space.Knowledge,vitality and vividness pay attention to life consciousness.In addition,the main reasons for the growing trend of seclusion are as follows:first,political career;the second is to act at will.This set of philosophy of"avoiding Seclusion"became the escape from social reality of ancient frustrated literati Seeking the behavior model of spiritual peace.