韧性视角下社区气候风险防控:基于南亚社区适应策略的研究

Community Climate Risk Management from a Resilience Perspective:A Study Based on Adaptation Strategies in South Asian Communities

当前全球正面临严峻的气候变化挑战,南亚地区由于其独特的地理和气候条件,面临更为严重的气候风险。在欠发达叠加小政府治理现实的背景下,社区韧性成为南亚地区应对气候变化的关键。本研究旨在探讨南亚国家基于社区的气候风险适应策略如何建构社区气候韧性,并为中国提供借鉴。通过案例分析和比较研究,发现南亚基于社区的气候风险适应策略有效地提升了社区在气候变化背景下的韧性。具体路径包括:决策赋权和集体行动激发社区适灾主动性;经济激励和生计改善增强成员参与积极性;融合传统与现代的教育培训确保措施在地性;多元合作和资源集聚塑造异质网络抗灾性。这些策略共同提高了社区的自我管理和适应能力。这一策略为当前气候极端化背景下中国社区气候韧性建设提供了重要启示。中国可以通过党建引领加强社区行动力,经济激励提高社区参与度,开展教育和培训活动,并充分挖掘中华优秀传统治理资源,全面激活社区自治活力,推动社区气候韧性创造性发展。

The world is currently facing severe challenges posed by climate change,with South Asia experiencing even greater climate risks due to its unique geographical and climatic conditions.In the context of underdevelopment and limited government capacity,community resilience has become crucial for South Asia’s response to climate change.This study aims to explore how community-based climate risk adaptation strategies in South Asian countries build community climate resilience and to provide insights for China.Through a comparative analysis of case studies,the research finds that community-based climate adaptation strategies in South Asia have effectively enhanced community resilience in the context of climate change.The specific pathways include:empowering decision-making and collective action to stimulate proactive disaster adaptation;economic incentives and livelihood improvements to increase participation;integrating traditional and modern education and training to ensure localized measures;and fostering diverse cooperation and resource aggregation to build a heterogeneous network for disaster resilience.These strategies collectively improve community self-management and adaptive capacity.This approach offers important lessons for building climate resilience in Chinese communities amid the current trend of climate extremity.China should strengthen community action through Party leadership,enhance community participation through economic incentives,conduct education and training programs,and fully leverage traditional Chinese governance resources to invigorate community self-governance and foster innovative development of community climate resilience.