当理性遇上知识:应急场景下决策模式与逻辑转换——以W县应急过程为研究对象

When Rationality Meets Knowledge:Decision-Making Patterns and Logical Shifts in Emergency Scenarios——A Case Study of the Emergency Response Process in W County

在常规科层决策中,外部知识辅助能够提升决策者理性,提升决策科学。但在危机决策中,外部知识输入可能会对决策者造成决策压力。在“理性—知识”分析框架下,作为决策者存在差异化的决策模式选择。通过整体性个案研究显示,当决策者身处强理性和弱理性状态,会与专业知识及地方性知识产生不同交互意义,生成保守决策、即兴决策、推拉决策、专断决策四种决策模式。研究发现,在不同危机场景中,决策者在理性选择、价值导向和避责动机驱动下会发生决策模式转化来回应动态危机。

In conventional hierarchical decision-making,external knowledge assistance can enhance the rationality of decision makers and improve the science of decision making.However,in crisis decision-making,external knowledge input may cause decisionmaking pressure on decision makers.Under the framework of“rational-knowledge”analysis,there is a differentiated choice of decision mode as a decision maker.The overall case study shows that when decision makers are in the strong rational and weak rational states,they will have different interaction meanings with professional knowledge and local knowledge,resulting in four decision-making modes:conservative decision-making,improvisational decision-making,push-pull decision-making and arbitrary decision-making.It is found that under the guidance of rational choice,value orientation and responsibility avoidance motivation,decision makers will transform their decision-making patterns to respond to dynamic crises in different crisis scenarios.