风险治理背景下公共事件中地方性集体身份的生产机制与化解对策研究——以环境邻避为例

Research on the Mobilization Mechanism of Place-Based Collective Identity in Public Incident and Countermeasures in Citywide Social Risk Governance——A Case Study of Environmental NIMBYism

防范化解政治安全、社会治安、社会矛盾、公共安全、网络安全“五类风险”是市域社会治理的主要任务。地方性集体身份在公共事件中往往可以释放较大的动员能量,给市域社会风险治理造成挑战。这种基于地域的集体身份是如何在公共事件发生及发展过程中形成的,现有的研究仍没有充分地解释。通过对一起发生于市域范围内典型环境邻避事件的田野考察,探究了其中地方性集体身份的再生产与演变机制。沿袭建构主义的理论渊薮,本研究发现在环境邻避事件中的地方性集体身份不仅是某一群体的成员对于共同体边界的固有认知属性,也是一系列动态的议题框架建构的结果。行动者策略性地利用地方知识、权利话语、爱国主义等符号资源进行框架议题的连接、合法化和转换,推动了地方性集体身份的建构,造成局部社会矛盾在时间和空间维度升级和扩散的后果,导致社会风险事件的发生。因此,市域社会风险事件的防范和化解须重视其背后隐藏的身份、情感、利益冲突问题,理解其发生的社会基础。

Mitigating and addressing five types of risks-political security,public order,social conflicts,public safety,and cybersecurity are the primary tasks of urban social governance.In public incidents,place-based collective identities often exert significant impacts on mass mobilization,posing challenges to urban risk management.However,existing research has not sufficiently explained how these geographically-based collective identities form and evolve during public incidents.This study,through fieldwork on a typical environmental NIMBYism incident within an urban area,explores the mechanisms of reproduction and transformation of local collective identities.Following the constructivism approach,this paper confirms that place-based collective identity in NIMBYism activism is not a static cognitive attribute of participants formed based on historical,cultural,and geographical factors.Grassroots activists can strategically use symbolic resources in particular local knowledge,rights discourse,and patriotism to connect,legalize and transform issue frames,and eventually promote the construction of collective identity.Therefore,the prevention and resolution of social risk incidents in urban areas should focus on the underlying issues of identity,emotions,and conflicts of interest,and take into account the social foundations that contribute to these incidents.