基于重大安全事故的危机学习机理与实现路径研究

Overview of the Theory and Implementation Path of Major Safety Accident Crisis Learning

危机学习能有效遏制重大安全事故的反复发生。通过对危机学习理论中的内涵、主体及时机展开综述,总结出危机学习是过程与结果的有机统一,是一种多主体、全过程的周期性学习。基于对危机学习模式、方式及影响因素进行现状分析,梳理出当前危机学习存在学习短视化、形式化、碎片化,技术性、制度性、组织性、思想性、环境性障碍痛点。积极性、导向性、时效性、深度性是当前危机学习的难点。危机学习的关键点在于激发危机学习的自主性和创新性,保持危机学习的连贯性和长期性,注重危机学习的系统性和整体性。最后提出了一种危机学习实现路径,即危机学习反馈控制系统理论模型,为后续危机学习的系统化研究奠定基础。

Crisis learning can effectively prevent the repeated occurrence of major safety accidents.By summarizing the connotation,subjects,and timing of crisis learning theory,it is concluded that crisis learning is the organic unity of process and outcome,a multi-subject,whole-process cyclical learning.Based on the current situation analysis of crisis learning models,methods,and influencing factors,it is identified that crisis learning currently suffers from shortcomings such as short-sightedness,formalization,fragmentation,and technical,institutional,organizational,ideological,and environmental barriers.Activeness,directionality,timeliness,and depth are the challenges in current crisis learning.The key points in crisis learning are to stimulate the autonomy and creativity of crisis learning,maintain the coherence and longevity of crisis learning,and emphasize the systematic and holistic nature of crisis learning.Finally,an optimization pathway for crisis learning is proposed,namely the crisis learning feedback control system theoretical model,laying the foundation for subsequent systematic research on crisis learning.