裂隙与弥合:应对重大突发公共卫生事件的整合机制探析

Fissures and Healing:Integrated Mechanisms for National Responses to Major Public Health Emergencies Analysis

在应对重大突发公共卫生事件过程中,面向决策和执行过程的制约激励机制、沟通协调机制和反应调整机制的整合机制发挥着不可或缺的调谐功能,然而,表现为激励机制失衡、问责机制失焦、学习机制失稳以及沟通机制失准的整合机制“裂隙”问题,导致了应对重大突发公共卫生事件的调谐功能的弱化。在复杂不确定性的风险社会中,弥合应对重大突发公共卫生事件的整合机制裂隙、强化应对重大突发公共卫生事件的调谐功能,应当从统筹发展和安全,完善常态与应急结合的治理体系高度着眼,以动态平衡为导向强化整合过程的激励、问责、学习与沟通机制,包括建立激励与容错衔接机制、问责与学习平衡机制、政社合供的沟通机制等。

In the integration process of the national response to the major public health emergencies,the integration mechanism of restrictionand incentive mechanism,communication and coordination mechanism and response adjustment mechanism oriented to the decision-making and implementation process played a tuning function.However,the integration mechanism is manifested as the imbalance of incentive mechanism,the out-of-focus mechanism of accountability mechanism,the instability of learning mechanism and the misalignment of communication mechanism.Led to a weakening of the country's ability to tune in to major outbreaks.In a complex,uncertain and risky society,to bridge the cracks in the integration mechanism of the national response to the major public health emergencies and strengthen the tuned function of the governance system of the national response to the major public health emergencies,we should focus on the overall development and security,improve the governance system combining normality and emergency response,and strengthen the incentive,accountability,learning and communication mechanism of the integration process with the guidance of dynamic balance.This includes establishing a mechanism for connecting incentives and fault tolerance,establishing a mechanism for balancing accountability and learning,and establishing a communication mechanism for integrating government and social services.