公共危机治理中的公众参与问题研究——以北京市新冠肺炎疫情防控为例

Research on Public Participation in Public Crisis Governance——A Case Study of COVID-19 Prevention and Control in Beijing

新冠肺炎疫情防控是审视我国公共危机治理体系和能力的一次宝贵的“机会窗口”。从理论上看,公共危机具有紧急性、突发性、公共性和复杂性等特点,公共危机治理需要构建以政府为主导的公众参与型治理网络。公众参与不仅有助于增强政府的治理能力和合法性,也是形成社会治理共同体的必然要求。从实践上看,全民参与、全程参与、全面参与公共危机治理是北京市新冠肺炎疫情防控中公众参与的现实路径。其中,全民参与是确保治理效益的基础前提,全程参与是健全治理体系的内在要求,全面参与是提升治理能力的坚强保障。未来,公众参与公共危机治理将朝常态化参与、法治化参与、人性化参与的方向持续迈进。

COVID-19 prevention and control is a valuable“window of opportunity”to examine China’s public crisis management system and capacity.From the perspective of theory,public crisis has the characteristics of urgency,abruptness,publicity and complexity,and the governance of public crisis needs to build a public participation network which is led by the government.Public participation is not only helpful to enhance the governance capacity and legitimacy,but also an inevitable requirement for the formation of a social governance community.From a practical point of view,participation of all citizens,throughout the whole process,and in all aspects are realistic paths for public participation in COVID-19 prevention and control in Beijing.In the future,public participation in public crisis governance will continue to move towards the direction of normalized participation,law-based participation and humanized participation.