突发公共卫生事件处置情景特点和演化研究——基于国务院联防联控机制新闻发布会的文本分析

Study on the Characteristics and Evolution of Public Health Emergencies——Based on the Text Analysis of the Press Conference of the Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism of the State Council

研究突发公共卫生事件中与处置相关的情景特点和情景演化规律,为相关部门以情景构建为基础的突发公共卫生事件应急体系提供依据。方法:以2020年国务院联防联控机制新闻发布会作为信息来源,运用文本分析的方法,以"事件—领域—情景—关键词"为基础框架展开情景构建。结果:突发公共卫生事件主要处置情景有19个,各情景首次出现时间不同,各疫情阶段包含情景种类不同;处置情景分属四大领域,同一领域情景之间存在演化关系。利用情景构建技术,本文从多角度提出对策建议,使突发公共卫生事件的应急处置行动更有针对性,资源利用更加高效合理。

To study the situation characteristics and evolution rules related to the handling of public health emergencies,and to provide the basis for the emergency response system of public health emergencies based on the scenario construction.The press conference of the joint defense and joint control mechanism of the State Council in 2020 was taken as the information source,and the text analysis method was used to construct the scenario based on the framework of"event-field-situation-key words".There were 19 cases of public health emergencies.The first occurrence time of each scenario is different,and each epidemic stage contains different types of scenarios.The disposal scenario belongs to four major fields;There is a transformational relationship between scenes in the same domain.Conclusion:Using scenario construction technology,this paper proposes countermeasures and suggestions from multiple perspectives to make the emergency response actions of public health emergencies more targeted and the utilization of resources more efficient and reasonable.