核电应急处置机器人系统的开发与应用

Development and Application of Nuclear Power Emergency Response Robot System

切尔诺贝利与福岛核事故的经验反馈反映了系统性的应急预案和核电应急设备储备的重要性。针对这一需求,结合核电环境存在的强辐射、非结构化、狭窄空间和水下等特点,开发了面向核岛内部非结构化环境的双摆臂履带式机器人、面向狭窄空间和水下环境的小型轮式机器人以及面向水下环境的系列化浮游式机器人,形成了覆盖水陆和狭小空间的核电应急机器人体系。通过搭建模拟核电环境的综合模拟平台和水下环境模拟平台,测试了机器人的相关技术指标,验证了机器人的性能和功能。通过伽马射线和中子辐照测试,验证了机器人的耐辐照性能。与此同时,对核电应急事件的快速部署和处置,也为核电应急处置能力的提高积累了重要的经验。

The experience feedback of the Chernobyl and Fukushima nuclear accidents reflects the importance of systematic emergency plans and nuclear power emergency equipment reserves.In response to this demand,combined with the characteristics of the strong radiation,unstructured,narrow space and underwater existed in the nuclear power environment,the crawler robot with dual-swing arms facing the unstructured environment inside the nuclear island,the small wheeled robots facing the narrow space and underwater environment,and the series of floating robots facing the underwater environment were developed.These robots form a nuclear power emergency robot system which covers the different environments including the underwater,land and narrow spaces.By building a comprehensive simulation platform that simulates the nuclear power environment and an underwater environment simulation platform,the relevant technical indicators of the robots are tested,and the performance and functions of the robot are verified.Through the gamma ray tests and neutron irradiation tests,the robot’s radiation resistance performance is verified.At the same time,the rapid deployment and handling of nuclear power emergency incidents has also accumulated important experiences for the improvement of nuclear power emergency response capabilities.