“一带一路”倡议(BRI)建设进程风险、原因及启示

Risks, Causes and Implications of The “Belt and Road” Initiative(BRI) Process

中国"一带一路"倡议(BRI)发声并实施以来,中国和沿线国家都取得举世瞩目的成就;然而,这些实践背后也存在着一些批评和挑战。本文着重分析"一带一路"沿线国家存在的重大挑战:忽视"一带一路"沿线东道国的本国性格特征;忽视了对东道国的财政支持可能存在的潜在风险评估;忽视了中国和东道国国家企业的利益;以及忽视沿线国家对基础设施资本的迫切需求。究其原因主要表现为:中国及其资本阻碍了包括中国在内的沿线国家的改革动力;资助项目的程序问题使一些沿线国家产生责任风险;权威的扩散加剧了沿线国家的忧虑;以及复杂性的地缘突出了政治不信任。伴随"一带一路"规模、范围增长,更需要加强与沿线国家对话平台的建设,充分考量"一带一路"参与国国情;明晰沿线国家在实施BRI具体项目时的责任;与沿线各国一同构建命运共同体。

Since the launch of The"Belt and Road"initiative(BRI),China and the countries along The Belt and Road have achieved remarkable achievements.However,there are also some criticisms and challenges:1)ignoring the characteristics of the host country along The Belt and Road;2)to neglecting the potential risk assessment of financial support for the host country;3)ignoring the interests of Chinese and host country enterprises;and 4)ignoring the urgent needs of countries along the route for infrastructure capital.The main reasons are as follows:1)China and its capital hinder the reform drive of the countries along the route,including China;2)Non-contractual procedures for funded projects blur the responsibilities of countries along the route;3)The proliferation of authority has exacerbated worries of the countries along the route;and 4)the geopolitical complexity highlights political mistrust.As the scale,scope and complexity of The Belt and Road increase,it is more necessary to strengthen the construction of dialogue platform with countries along the route,and fully consider the national conditions of the participating countries in The Belt and Road;clarify the responsibilities of the countries along the route when implementing BRI specific projects;and build a community of shared future together.