基于需求层次理论的中国应急语言服务需求分析

A study on demand for emergency language services in China:A hierarchy of needs theory perspective

应急语言服务对象是语言弱势群体,它包括三个类别,分别是生理性语言弱势群体、社会性语言弱势群体和心理性语言弱势群体。本文以马斯洛的需求层次理论为基础,从需求侧和供给侧的关系出发,分析了我国应急语言服务的需求情况及政府应提供的保障范围,认为政府和公共管理服务应按照个体需求的紧迫性、资源利用的有效性以及公共服务的可替代性这三个原则,在基础需求和适度需求层面,制定合理的措施对个体不能依靠家庭和自身解决的需求进行保障。

Emergency language services are designed for the limited language proficiency group,which is divided into three categories,that is,physiologically,socially,and psychologically disadvantaged groups.Based on Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Theory,this paper analyzes the demand for such services in China and the service coverage that the government should provide from the perspective of demand-side and supply-side relationship.It concludes that both government and public management services should be in accordance with three principles,namely urgency of individual needs,effectiveness of resource utilization and substitutability of public service,to reasonably guarantee some basic and moderate needs that individuals cannot address by their family and/or themselves.