蒙古国乌兰巴托城市语言景观研究

A study on the urban linguistic landscapes in Ulan Bator of Mongolia

语言景观是当前社会语言学的热门研究课题,也是考察多语现象、民族语言活力、国家语言政策和规划等课题的新路径。通过对乌兰巴托语言景观取样调查后发现,该地区语言标牌呈现鲜明的多语特点。在权势方面,蒙古语占据绝对主导地位,英语是该地区标牌语言的首选外语,俄语、汉语、韩语等处于相对弱势地位。在语码组合方面,该地区标牌语码组合形式多样,官方和私人标牌之间差异较大,既反映了当前蒙古国保护、传承蒙古语言文字的文化政策,也体现了官方语言规划同私人语言行为之间的冲突。

Linguistic landscape is one of the most popular topics in the current research of sociolinguistics.It provides a new angle to investigate multilingualism,national language vitality,national language policy and planning.By sampling and surveying the linguistic landscapes in Ulan Bator,it was found that the signs in this region present distinctive multilingual features.In terms of power,Mongolian has an absolute dominant position,English is the most preferred foreign language,while Russian,Chinese,Korean and other foreign languages are relatively less used.In terms of language code combinations,there is an obvious diversity and also big differences between official and private signs.This not only reflects the current cultural policy of the Mongolian government which protects and inherits the Mongolian language,but also shows the conflict between official language planning and language used in private.