美国手语语言政策与规划

An analysis of language policy and planning for American Sign Language(ASL)

从早期聋教育开始到近两百年的美国聋教育历程中,不同时期的聋教育政策从不同侧面反映了与美国手语相关的语言政策和规划活动。纵观整个美国聋教育的发展历程,美国手语经历了发展与高峰期,也经历了挫折与低谷期。本文通过对美国聋教育历史发展及相应时期美国手语政策和规划活动的简单梳理,讨论美国聋教育中手语地位的变化情况,总结其相关政策的经验和教训,从而促进我们对中国聋教育和手语政策的思考和探索。

During the two-hundred-year history of the American deaf education dating back to the early 19 th century,the education policies for the deaf have gone through different periods of development,which reflects the language policy and planning activities concerning ASL(American Sign Language)from different aspects.Throughout the entire phase,ASL has experienced development and peaks,as well as setbacks and troughs.This paper goes through the history of the American deaf education ae well as ASL language policy and planning briefly,and discusses the experiences and lessons provided,aiming to promote the thinking and exploration of making policies and planning activities concerning China’s deaf education and Chinese Sign Language.