土耳其语言政策演变的历史路径

A study on historical changes of Turkish language policy

本文以土耳其语言政策的历史变迁为主线,阐述了不同历史时期重要语言政策的内容、成因及影响。本研究发现,一方面,土耳其语作为主体民族语言,其官方性、权威性和唯一性不断增强;另一方面,在少数民族语言政策上,特别是针对库尔德民族的语言政策折射了土耳其在现代民主化进程中不断调整方针,以适应国家发展需求的灵活且务实、多变且矛盾的态度。作为"一带一路"的重要节点国家,我国应结合土耳其语言政策的特点主动积极地应对,更好地服务"一带一路"建设中的语言需求和国家语言安全部署。

This article focuses on the historical changes of Turkish language policy,and explains the content,causes and influences of important language policies in different periods.This study finds that the status of the main national language Turkish has become increasingly official,authoritative and unique.Minority language policies,especially the Kurdish language policy,reflects Turkey’s flexible and pragmatic,changeable and contradictory attitude in the process of modern democratization to adjust its policies to meet the needs of the country.As an important node country of the"Belt and Road",China should actively respond to the characteristics of the Turkish language policy and better serve the language needs and maintain national language security deployment in the"Belt and Road"construction.