位置敏感语法的三类主要敏感位置

Three Main Types of Sensitive Positions in Positionally Sensitive Grammar

位置敏感语法是互动语言学领域富有影响力的语法观,但言谈互动中究竟有哪些敏感位置?尚需进一步厘清。本文在现有研究的基础上,做进一步探讨,将互动中的敏感位置分为三大基本类型:1)话轮序列类位置,包括TCU位置、话轮位置、序列位置;2)身体活动类位置,包括TCU和话轮参照位置、序列参照位置;3)行为进程类位置,包括行为进程位置、行为调适位置。会话中,语言资源和身体活动资源的选择往往要考虑位置因素,不同的敏感位置上,其互动功能也不尽相同。

Positionally sensitive grammar is an influential notion of grammar in Interactional Linguistics,but what exactly are the sensitive positions in talk-in-interaction?Previous studies are not explicit enough in clarifying its types and constituents.Building on previous studies,this study further explores and classifies the sensitive positions in talk-ininteraction into three main types:1)sequential positions,including TCU positions,turn positions and sequence positions;2)positions of bodily-visual resources,including positions compared to TCUs and turns,as well as positions compared to conversational sequences;and 3)positions in action progression,including action implementation process positions and action adjustment positions.The choice of linguistic resources and bodily-visual resources in conversation often considers the positions where they are to be used,and their interactional functions vary in different sensitive positions.