新文科视域下的计算社会语言学研究

Computational Sociolinguistics from the Perspective of New Liberal Arts

新文科建设的目标之一是:多种学科在研究内容和理论方法上进行交叉与融合,从而形成新的学科方向、研究范式,以及相应的复合型人才培养模式。为此,本文提出一种可操作的路径:利用已经发展起来的若干第一代交叉学科,融汇成第二代交叉学科。比如,对于“社交网络—语言的社会变异—计算建模”这种头绪繁多的研究领域,可以借助“计算语言学”与“社会语言学”等第一代交叉学科,形成第二代交叉学科“计算社会语言学”。这种操作路线可以细化与落实新文科建设,并提供必要的学科规训。文章还以当代社会的“物理—精神—信息”三元空间,以及其中说话者的社会身份、个体人格和社交互动对语言使用和变异选择的影响为例,阐明计算社会语言学的理论、方法和议题。

One of the goals of the new liberal arts is the intersection and integration of multiple disciplines in research content and theoretical methodologies,thus forming new disciplinary directions and research paradigms,as well as corresponding inter-discipline talents training models.To this end,this paper proposes an operational path:integrating several firstgeneration interdisciplinary fields that have already been developed into a second-generation interdisciplinary field.For example,in the research field of“social networking-social variation of language-computational modeling”,which is so complicated by multiple disciplines,we can use the first-generation interdisciplinary fields such as“computational linguistics”and“social linguistics”to form the second-generation interdisciplinary field of“computational social linguistics”.This path can refine and promote the development of the new liberal arts,and provide necessary disciplinary regulations.In addition,theories,methodologies and issues of computational sociolinguistics are also exemplified in this paper by the“physical-mental-information”space of contemporary society,where speakers’social identities,individual personalities and social interactions impose influence on language use and language variation choices.