新马华语特色量词“粒”的生成衍化与接触融合

Variation and Integration of the Special quantifier“Li(粒)”in Singaporean and Malaysian Chinese

在新马华语社区,量词"粒"与大体积、圆球形事物搭配的形成,主要是语言内部和外部、语用认知心理、社会环境条件等因素综合作用的结果。该量词用法的进一步衍化变异,主要表现为搭配对象的泛化和虚化、搭配事物形态特征发生演变、搭配范围超出球类本体的局限等方面。伴随语言接触的不断深化,新马华语特色量词"粒"不均衡地吸收进入普通话,并与境外和海外华语交流,体现出融合的发展趋势。该特色量词的用法,不仅折射出海外华人独特的语用观念、认知方式和文化价值,也反映出海外华人的言语磨合、调试与创新历程。

In Singaporean and Malaysian Chinese community,quantifier"Li(米粒)"mostly collocates with objects with large volume and round shape.The usage is mainly influenced by internal and external language factors,pragmatic cognitive psychology and social environment.Further evolution and variation of the usage are mainly manifested in the generalization and abstraction of the collocation object,the evolution of the morphological characteristics of the collocation object,and the limitation of the collocation scope beyond the ball ontology.With the deepening of language contact,the Singaporean and Malaysian Chinese quantifier"Li(粒)"has been unevenly absorbed into Putonghua and communicated with other overseas Chinese,reflecting the trend of integration.The usage of this quantifier not only reflects unique pragmatic concept,cognitive style and cultural value of overseas Chinese,but also the process of language adaptation,adjustment and innovation.