汉语方言分区的八个基本问题

The Eight Basic Problems of Chinese Dialect Partition

汉语方言分区是方言研究的起点,也是归宿,是整个汉语方言研究的核心任务。论文就学术界在方言分区方面的八个基本问题做了学术追溯和讨论。包括:分区的主观性与客观性,方言分区的有意识与无意识,方言分区的历时与共时,方言地理分布与现象位移,方言分区的标准之争及演变,方言分区的材料问题,方言的教学分区与研究分区,方言分布、分类和分区,并就这些问题提出了自己的意见。主张“分区可以多标准、多类型、多层次”,先分类,再划区,方言区都是人为的,现有的方言材料具有不完备性,较大的方言区都是混合方言区,方言之间的过渡带值得深入研究。

Chinese dialect zoning is the starting point and destination of dialect research,and is the core task of the entire Chinese dialect research.The paper traces and discusses eight basic issues in the academic community regarding dialect zoning.Including the subjectivity and objectivity of zoning,the conscious and unconscious nature of dialect zoning,the diachronic and synchronic nature of dialect zoning,the geographical distribution and phenomenon displacement of dialects,the debate and evolution of dialect zoning standards,the material issues of dialect zoning,the teaching and research zoning of dialects,the distribution,classification and zoning of dialects,and proposing my own views on these issues.The main idea is“The division can be multi-standard,multi-type,multi-level”,first classification,then Division of dialect areas,The dialect areas are all artificial,the existing dialect materials are incomplete,the larger dialect areas are mixed dialect areas,the transition zone between dialects is worthy of in-depth study.