《道教大辭典》釋義辨誤

On the Interpretation of Taoist Dictionary

1994年華夏出版社隆重推出由中國道教協會和蘇州道教協會合編的《道教大辭典》,這是國内外第一部系統的大型道教工具書,收録近20000個詞條,至今仍是收詞數量最多的一部大型道教辭典。近30年來,道教文獻語言研究蓬勃發展,從語言學和辭書學角度來看,《道教大辭典》尚有不少疏誤。本文選取“義日”“伐日”“天鼓”“天橋”“烏頭”等十個詞條,綜合利用多學科知識,指出《道教大辭典》在釋義方面的一些問題,比如:以偏概全,釋義過窄;詞性認定有誤;上下文語境失察而致誤;知識性錯誤,對有關專業知識不夠瞭解;等等。

In 1994,Huaxia Publishing House grandly launched the Taoist Dictionary compiled by China Taoist Association and Suzhou Taoist Association,This is the first systematic large-scale Taoist reference book at home and abroad,containing nearly 20000 entries.It is still a large Taoist dictionary with the largest number of words.In the past 30 years,the study of Taoist literature language has developed vigorously.From the perspective of linguistics and lexicology,there are still many mistakes in the Taoist Dictionary.This paper selects ten entries such as“Yiri”,“Fari”,“Tiangu”,“Tianqiao”and“Wutou”,comprehensively uses multi-disciplinary knowledge,and points out some problems in the interpretation of the Taoist Dictionary.For example,the interpretation is too narrow;the identification of part of speech is wrong;errors caused by context negligence;knowledge error,lack of understanding of relevant professional knowledge,etc.