2021年北京市朝阳区居民死因及寿命损失分析

Analysis of causes of death and life lost among residents of Beijing Chaoyang District in 2021

目的 分析朝阳区2021年居民死因监测数据,了解辖区居民的死亡状况及减寿情况,为制定疾病预防控制措施和优化卫生资源配置提供参考依据。方法 采用描述性统计学方法对2021年朝阳区死因监测资料进行分析,计算死亡率、标化死亡率、死因顺位、潜在减寿年数(potential years of life lost,PYLL)、潜在减寿率(potential life loss rate,PYLLR)、期望寿命、去死因期望寿命等指标。结果 2021年北京市朝阳区户籍居民粗死亡率为8.25‰,标化死亡率为3.36‰;前10位死因依次为心脏病,恶性肿瘤,脑血管病,呼吸系统疾病,损伤和中毒,内分泌、营养和代谢性疾病,消化系统疾病,神经系统疾病,泌尿生殖系统疾病,精神和行为障碍;PYLL为111 066人年,PYLLR为51.54‰;期望寿命为83.13岁,去除心脏病、恶性肿瘤、脑血管病、呼吸系统疾病、损伤和中毒后期望寿命依次为87.45、86.38、84.99、83.85、83.74岁。结论 慢性非传染性疾病是导致朝阳区居民死亡的主要原因,政府应从政策、经费、人员及其他相关支持性环境等方面加大对慢性非传染性疾病的防治力度。

Objective To analyze the monitoring data of causes of death among residents of Chaoyang District in 2021,to understand the death status and life expectancy of residents in the area,and to provide reference for formulating disease prevention,control measures,and optimizing the allocation of health resources.Methods Descriptive statistical methods were used to analyze the monitoring data of causes of death in Chaoyang District in 2021,and the mortality rate,standardized mortality rate,order of causes of death,potential years of life lost(PYLL),potential life lost rate(PYLLR),life expectancy,and cause-deleted life expectancy were calculated.Results In 2021 the crude mortality rate of registered residents in Chaoyang District of Beijing was 8.25‰,and the standardized mortality rate was 3.36‰.The top 10 causes of death were as follows heart disease;malignant tumors;cerebrovascular diseases;respiratory diseases;injury and poisoning;endocrine,nutritional,and metabolic diseases;digestive system diseases;nervous system diseases;genitourinary system diseases;and mental and behavioral disorders.The PYLL was 111,066 person-years and PYLLR was 51.54‰.The life expectancy was 83.13 years.After removing heart disease,malignant tumors,cerebrovascular diseases,respiratory diseases,and injury and poisoning as causes of death,the life expectancy was 87.45,86.38,84.99,83.85,and 83.74 years of age,respectively.Conclusions Chronic non-communicable diseases are shown to be the main causes of death of residents in Chaoyang District.The government should strengthen the prevention and treatment of chronic non-communicable diseases in terms of policies,funds,personnel,and other relevant supporting environments in an effort to enhance quality of life and longevity.