郑州市40岁以上户籍居民卒中危险因素分析

Analysis of risk factors of stroke among registered residents over 40 years old in Zhengzhou

目的分析郑州市40岁以上户籍居民卒中危险因素,为防控卒中提供针对性的措施。方法基于2020年郑州市40岁以上户籍居民卒中危险因素筛查民生项目,采用多阶段随机抽样法在郑州市4个区县共29个街乡选取12000名40岁以上户籍居民进行问卷调查和体格检查。采用χ^(2)检验和趋势性χ^(2)检验比较不同性别及风险分级户籍居民卒中危险因素检出率及随年龄增长变化趋势。采用logistic回归分析卒中的危险因素。结果郑州市40岁以上户籍居民卒中危险因素中高血压、血脂异常和运动缺乏检出率较高,分别为51.10%、46.24%和28.41%。高危人群组危险因素检出率均高于中低危人群组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,高血压、糖尿病、血脂异常、吸烟、运动缺乏及卒中家族史是主要危险因素。结论高血压、血脂异常是郑州市户籍居民卒中防控重点,需加强健康教育和相关指标监测,改变吸烟、缺乏运动不健康生活方式,同时加强对高危人群的定期随访和针对性指导,降低卒中的发生。

Objective To analyse the risk factors of stroke in the registered residents over 40 years old in Zhengzhou,and to provide targeted methods and measures to prevent and control stoke.Methods Based on the stroke risk factors screening program of registered residences over 40 years old in Zhengzhou in 2020,a multistage random sampling was used to select 12000 registered residents in 29 streets and towns in 4 districts of Zhengzhou.Questionnaire and physical examination were used to collect risk factors of stroke.A Chi square test and trend Chi square test were used to compare the rate of exposure among different genders,districts,risk levels and the trends with age.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors.Results The highest risk factors of the residentswere hypertension(51.10%),dyslipidemia(46.24%)and lack of exercise(28.41%).The detection rate of risk factors in high-risk population was higher than that in medium-low-risk population(P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis revealed that males,hypertension,diabetes,dyslipidemia,smoking and lacking of exercise were the major risk factors.Conclusion Hypertension and dyslipidemia are the key points of stroke prevention and control for residents of Zhengzhou.We need to strengthen health education and relevant index monitoring in high-risk population,change their unhealthy lifestyles such as smoking and lack of exercise,and strengthen regular follow-up and targeted guidance in order to reduce the occurrence of stroke.