延安市宝塔区居民卒中流行病学特征及危险因素分析

Epidemiology and risk factors of stroke in Baota district of Yan’an city

目的探讨延安市宝塔区城乡居民卒中的流行病学特征及危险因素。方法采用整群抽样方法,对延安市3个街道办事处和8个乡镇的居民共54209名进行卒中筛查,所有筛查对象现场进行一对一问卷填写、体格检查及实验室检查。采用多因素logistic回归分析卒中患病的危险因素。结果延安市宝塔区城乡居民卒中总体患病率为1.49%;男性、女性卒中患病率分别为1.44%和1.54%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。<30、30~39、40~49、50~59、60~69、70~79和≥80岁年龄组卒中患病率分别为0、0、0.55%、1.47%、2.68%、3.03%和1.75%,患病率主要以40岁以上为主,并随着年龄的增大而增加,70~79岁达到卒中患病率顶峰,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。卒中危险因素按贡献依次为高血压、房颤、卒中家族史、糖尿病、超重或肥胖、吸烟和血脂异常(OR值分别为6.848、2.828、2.506、1.588、1.434、1.340和1.270)。结论延安市宝塔区卒中患病率居于全国较高水平,高血压、房颤、卒中家族史为该地区卒中最主要的危险因素。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and risk factors of stroke in urban and rural residents in Baota district,Yan’an city.Methods A cluster sampling method was used to screen stroke in a total of 54209 residents of 3 streets and 8 towns in Yan’an.All screened subjects were conducted one-to-one questionnaire filling,physical examination and laboratory examinations on site.SPSS22.0 software was used for statistical analysis.Results The overall prevalence rate of stroke in Baota district was 1.49%.The incidence of stroke in males and females was 1.44%and1.54%,respectively,with no statistically significant difference(P>0.05).In the age groups of<30,30-39,40-49,50-59,60-69,70-79 and≥80 years old,the prevalence rate was 0,0,0.55%,1.47%,2.68%,3.03%and 1.75%,respectively.The high prevalence rate was mainly in population above 40 years old,and the incidence increased with the age.The prevalence of 70-79 years old group was the highest,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.01).The risk factors of stroke were hypertension,atrial fibrillation,family history of stroke,diabetes,overweight or obesity,smoking and dyslipidemia in order of contribution(OR values were 6.848,2.828,2.506,1.588,1.434,1.340,and 1.270).Conclusion The prevalence of stroke in Baota district of Yan’an city is at a high level in the country.Hypertension,atrial fibrillation,and family history of stroke are the most important risk factors for stroke in this area.