福州市2011—2019年居民食管癌死亡流行趋势分析

Epidemiological analysis of esophageal cancer deaths among residents in Fuzhou from 2011 to 2019

目的探讨2011—2019年福州市居民食管癌死亡流行趋势,为制定食管癌的预防控制策略提供流行病学依据。方法采用入户调查的方法,按ICD-10的标准和方法进行死因分类,对福州市2011—2019年居民食管癌死亡状况进行全面分析。结果2011—2019年福州市居民食管癌共死亡3896例,男性食管癌粗死亡率为11.77/10万(标化死亡率为9.19/10万),高于女性5.23/10万(标化死亡率为4.06/10万),差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。食管癌死亡占全死因的1.70%。食管癌死亡率(χ趋势2=7.885,P=0.005)及男性食管癌死亡率(χ趋势2=6.704,P=0.01)呈上升趋势,食管癌标化死亡率(χ趋势2=548.928,P<0.001)、男性食管癌标化死亡率(χ趋势2=551.261,P<0.001)、女性食管癌死亡率(χ趋势2=1.791,P=0.181)及标化死亡率(χ趋势2=194.329,P<0.001)均呈下降趋势,但女性粗死亡率变化趋势差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),标化死亡率变化趋势差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。除15~19岁组,其余各年龄段均为男性食管癌死亡率高于女性,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。城市居民食管癌年平均死亡率5.51/10万(标化死亡率为3.80/10万),低于农村居民10.54/10万(标化死亡率为9.18/10万),差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。城市、农村男性食管癌年平均死亡率均高于女性,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。潜在工作损失(WYPLL)率为0.48‰(男性为0.75‰,女性为0.20‰);男性高于女性,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论食管癌是威胁福州市居民的主要恶性肿瘤死亡原因之一,且对男性危害更大,应采取综合防治措施,预防或减少食管癌的发生。

Objective To analyze the prevalence trend of esophageal cancer death in Fuzhou from 2011 to 2019,and to provide epidemiological basis for formulating prevention and control strategies of esophageal cancer.Methods Through the household survey,the death cause of esophageal cancer in Fuzhou city from 2011-2019 were overall analyzed according to the standard and method of ICD-10.Results Totally 3896 death cause of esophageal cancer were reported in Fuzhou city from 2011-2019.The crude mortality rate of male esophageal cancer was 11.77 per 100000(standardized mortality rate was 9.19 per 100000),which was higher than that of females was 5.23 per 100000(standardized mortality rate was 4.06 per 100000),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.001).Esophageal cancer deaths accounted for 1.70%of all deaths.The mortality of esophageal cancer(χ2 trend=7.885,P=0.005)and male esophageal cancer mortality(χ2 trend=6.704,P=0.01)showed an increasing trend;the standardized mortality rate of esophageal cancer(χ2 trend=548.928,P<0.001),standardized mortality of male esophageal cancer(χ2 trend=551.261,P<0.001),female esophageal cancer mortality(χ2 trend=1.791,P=0.181)and standardized mortality(χ2 trend=194.329,P<0.001)were all downward trend.There was no statistically significant difference in the change trend of female crude mortality rate(P>0.05),and the difference in the standardized mortality rate change trend was statistically significant(P<0.001).Except for the 15-19-year-old group,the mortality rates of esophageal cancer in male were higher than those in female in all age groups,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.001).The average annual mortality rate of esophageal cancer in urban residents was 5.51 per 100000(standardized mortality rate was 3.80 per 100000),which was lower than rural residents 10.54 per 100000(standardized mortality rate was 9.18 per 100000),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.001).The average annual mortalities of esophageal cancer of male in urban and rural were higher than those of female,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.001).The work years of potential life lost(WYPLL)rate was 0.48‰(0.75‰for male and 0.20‰for female,P<0.001).Conclusion Esophageal cancer is one of the main death causes of malignant tumors that threaten the residents of Fuzhou city,and it is more harmful to men.Comprehensive prevention and control measures should be taken to prevent or reduce the occurrence of esophageal cancer.