北京市西城区成年人吸烟与戒烟影响因素

Influencing factors of smoking and smoking cessation among adults in Xicheng district of Beijing

目的分析西城区成年人吸烟与戒烟影响因素,探讨公共场所烟草暴露状况。方法采用分层多阶段抽样方法,使用《2016北京市成人烟草调查问卷(TQS)》,在2016年6-9月抽取15岁及以上常住人口583人开展调查,调查内容包括调查对象的基本情况、烟草使用、戒烟、公共场所烟草暴露和人们对烟草使用的知识和态度等信息。结果西城区成人现在吸烟率为21.78%,成人戒烟率为26.59%,18.90%的吸烟者在过去12个月内尝试过戒烟,过去30 d,公共场所烟草暴露率最高的三个地方依次为排队(室外)区域(39.12%)、餐厅室内区域(24.69%)、工作的室内区域(19.76%)。吸烟与否的多因素logistic回归分析结果显示:性别(男性OR=32.24,P<0.01)、年龄(60岁及以上OR=0.36,P<0.01)、职业(企业、商业、服务业、务农人员OR=2.90,P=0.04)、烟草危害知识(知道OR=0.62,P=0.05)、是否了解戒烟服务(了解OR=1.59,P=0.08)是成年人吸烟与否的影响因素。年龄和文化程度是戒烟的影响因素。结论北京市成人吸烟现状仍然严峻,年轻人吸烟率相对较高,吸烟者戒烟意愿不强烈,应在男性中加大烟草危害宣传,继续探索烟草控制综合措施。

Objective To understand the influencing factors of smoking and smoking cessation among adults in Xicheng district,and to explore the status of tobacco exposure in public places.Methods From June to September in 2016,stratified multi-stage sampling method was used to investigate 583 permanent residents aged 15 years and over by the 2016 Beijing Adult Tobacco Questionnaire(TQS).The contents of the survey included information on the basic situation of the respondents,tobacco use,smoking cessation,tobacco exposure in public places and people’s knowledge and attitudes towards tobacco use.Results The adult smoking rate in Xicheng district was 21.78%.The adult smoking cessation rate was 26.59%.Totally 18.90%of smokers had tried to quit smoking in the past12 months.In the past 30 days,the three places with the highest tobacco exposure rate in public places were queuing(outdoor)area(39.12%),restaurant indoor area(24.69%)and working indoor area(19.76%).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that gender(male:OR=32.24,P<0.01),age(60 years or older:OR=0.36,P<0.01),occupation(enterprise,business,service industry,farmer:OR=2.9,P=0.04),knowledge of tobacco hazards(known:OR=0.62,P=0.05),and knowledge of smoking cessation services(known:OR=1.59,P=0.08)were the influencing factors of adult smoking.Age and education level were the influencing factors of smoking cessation.Conclusions The current situation of adult smoking in Beijing is still grim.The smoking rate of young people is relatively high.Smokers are not willing to quit smoking strongly.We should increase tobacco hazard propaganda among men and continue to explore comprehensive measures for tobacco control.