大功率激光切割高速飞行器尾翼基础工艺试验研究

Experimental Study on Foundation Technology of High Power Laser Cutting Empennage of High Speed Aircraft

为提高高速飞行器尾翼的加工效率,以4 mm厚的Q235钢板为切割对象,采用大功率激光切割工艺来代替传统的电火花线切割工艺,在不同参数组合下开展了尾翼激光切割加工试验。重点研究了激光切割速度v、氧气辅助气压P等关键工艺参数对尾翼表面粗糙度和侧面垂直度的影响规律。结果表明:在其他试验条件不变的情况下,当切割速度为2.0 m/min,氧气辅助气压为0.5 bar时,切割表面形貌较好,表面粗糙度最低可达到0.920μm,无显微裂纹,其侧面垂直度最小为0.031 mm/4 mm,小于0.1 mm/4 mm,满足其加工技术要求。

In order to improve the machining efficiency of the empennage of high speed aircraft,the 4 mm thick Q235 steel plate is used as the cutting object,and the high power laser cutting technology is used to replace the traditional WEDM process.The empennage laser cutting experiments are carried out under different parameter combinations.The effects of key technological parameters,such as laser cutting speed and oxygen auxiliary pressure,on the surface roughness and side verticality of the empennage are studied in detail.The results show that:under the same other test conditions,when the cutting speed is 2.0 m/min and the oxygen auxiliary pressure is 0.5 bar,the cutting surface morphology is good,the lowest surface roughness can reach 0.920μm,there is no microcrack,and the minimum lateral verticality is 0.031 mm/4 mm,less than 0.1 mm/4 mm,which meets the processing technical requirements.