硅粉添加量对铁基合金激光熔覆涂层的影响

The Effect of Si Addition Amount on Fe-based Alloy Laser Cladding Coating

为了改善铁基合金自熔性粉末在激光熔覆工艺下所制备涂层的质量。在铁基合金自熔性粉末里加入不同质量配比的单晶硅粉,并采用Nd:YAG激光加工系统制备不同的铁基合金熔覆涂层。通过检测和测量得到各涂层的宏观图像、显微图像、EDS图谱和硬度。结果表明:Si元素可以有效提高熔覆涂层的硬度,但过高的Si元素也会造成熔池流动性过大,无法形成良好的熔覆涂层。当质量配比为20∶1时,涂层硬度可达66 HRC,但其涂层厚度不均匀,与基材结合不够良好;而当质量配比为40∶1时,所制备的铁基激光熔覆涂层具有较高硬度,同时其涂层质量也较为良好。此研究对于钢材激光熔覆铁基合金涂层具有指导意义。

In order to improve the quality of Fe-based self-fluxing alloy powder coatings prepared by laser cladding,different mass ratios of single crystal silicon powder were added to the Fe-based self-fluxing alloy powder,and different Fe-based alloy cladding coatings were prepared by Nd:YAG laser processing system.The macro image,micro image,EDS spectrum and hardness of the coatings were obtained by testing and measuring.The results show that the hardness of the cladding coating can be effectively improved by Si element.However,the excess Si element will cause the fluidity of the bath to be too high to form a good cladding coating.When the mass ratio is 20∶1,the hardness of the coating can reach 66 HRC,but the thickness of the coating is not uniform and the bonding with the substrate is not good enough.When the mass ratio is 40∶1,the Fe-based laser cladding coating has high hardness and good quality.This study has guiding significance for laser cladding of Fe-based alloy coatings on steel.