基于指纹物质分析的人群特征刻画研究进展

Recent Progress in Donor Profiling Through Fingermark Residue Analysis

指纹作为犯罪现场最常见、且运用历史最久的重要物证,因其人各不同,终身基本不变的特性广泛运用于人身判定。但除了形态学特征外,指纹物质中所包含的化学信息对于遗留者特征的刻画和个体行为的追踪溯源也具有重要价值,不仅能为侦查人员提供分析线索,还能一定程度上解决因现场指纹模糊或部分缺失导致的证据价值丢失问题。本文从指纹中的内源性物质和外源性物质分析两大角度,对基于不同指纹物质进行人群特征的分析研究进行了探讨,总结了多种指纹物质的化学分析方法,并对其优势进行评述,以期为未来指纹物质相关的研究提供新的思路。

As one of the most commonly seen and the oldest physical evidence found in crime scenes,fingermark has been widely used for the identification owing to its unique ridge patterns.However,the complex chemical information within the fingermark residues,another important information resource,has often been neglected.Fingermark residues consist of endogenous secretions and exogenous contaminants,these information not only can be used for donor profiling,but also can provide investigation clues for detectives and further identification.The exploitation of chemical information inside the fingermark residues can solve the problem of damaging evidential values when the marks found in the crime scenes are tortured or defected.This review systematically summarizes the present work from the perspectives of the involved materials while discussing the personal information that can be acquired from the chemical composition of fingermarks,and tries to provide percipient suggestions for future studies.