低表面能防污涂层对微生物被膜群落结构的影响

The influence of low surface energy antifouling coatings on marine biofilms

海洋生物污损(biofouling)主要由微生物腐蚀与生物淤积造成;微生物被膜(biofilm)的形成为生物腐蚀提供了基础,也为生物淤积的发生创造了先决条件.抗生物附着材料是防止细菌定殖和微生物被膜形成的重要方式,其中低表面能防污涂层作为一种高效环保的抑膜方式,是近年来海洋防污损发展的重要方向之一.目前基于自然海域条件下,关于低表面能防污涂料对微生物被膜的抑制作用还有待进一步验证.基于已有方法的改进制备有机硅低表面能防污涂料;随后利用16S rRNA测序方法对微生物被膜的群落组成、多样性、互作网络及潜在功能进行分析.结果表明,与周围海水相比,低表面能防污涂料显著(P<0.05)改变了微生物被膜的微生物组成,降低了鞘氨醇单胞菌等的定殖.Chao1指数和β-多样性也受到低表面能材料的明显扰动.互作网络分析显示,低表面能防污涂层增加了微生物被膜群落的复杂性.此外,功能预测分析表明,该涂层表面微生物被膜生物群落的能量代谢与成膜能力相关功能基因的丰度显著降低(P<0.05).综上,本研究制备了一种有机硅低表面能防污涂层,并从微生物学方面验证了其在自然海洋微生物被膜中的良好抑膜能力.

Marine biofouling is caused primarily by microbial corrosion.The formation of microbial biofilms provides environmental conditions for corrosion that accelerate biofouling.The application of anti-biological adhesion and anti-corrosion materials is an important method for preventing bacterial colonization and biofilm formation.Among the various available methods,low surface energy antifouling coatings are efficient and environmentally friendly.Research into and development of these coatings has played a major role in marine antifouling coating development in recent years.Much progress has been made in low surface energy antifouling coatings,but their long-term antifouling effects under natural conditions need to be further verified.In this study,we prepared an organosilicon low surface energy antifouling material and evaluated its antibiofilm performance.The microbial community composition,biodiversity,interaction networks,and potential functions were analyzed.The results showed that the biofilm composition on low surface energy antifouling coatings was different from that of the surrounding seawater(P<0.05),with the largest difference being the reduction in colonization by Sphingosine sp.In addition,the Chao 1 andβ-diversity indices were disrupted by this material.The co-occurrence profiles showed that the low surface energy antifouling coating increased the network complexity of the biofilm community.In addition,the abundance of functional genes related to energy metabolism and film-forming processes changed significantly(P<0.05).These results demonstrate that our organosilicon-based low surface energy material has potential antifouling ability in natural marine environments and provides a new basis for understanding antifouling mechanisms from a microbial perspective.