青岛市市售饮料中邻苯二甲酸酯类监测与暴露风险评估

Monitoring and dietary exposure assessment of phthalic acid esters in beverages in Qingdao city

目的了解青岛市市售食饮料中的邻苯二甲酸酯类(PAEs)污染情况,并对青岛市居民摄入饮料中PAEs进行风险评估。方法2017年在青岛超市、市场中随机采样共36份饮料样品,包括果汁类和碳酸类2大类,根据GB/T 21911-2008《食品中邻苯二甲酸酯的测定》中的方法进行检测;同时结合青岛市膳食消费量,对青岛市居民饮料暴露PAEs进行确定性评估。结果饮料中4种PAEs均有检出,其检出率分别为25.00%、41.67%、22.22%和5.56%(P<0.05)。果汁类饮料DEHP、DBP的含量均低于碳酸类饮料(tDEHP=-17.74、tDBP=-24.97,P<0.01);DIBP的含量明显高于碳酸类饮料(P<0.01)。超市中饮料中DEHP、DBP的含量低于市场中的饮料(tDEHP=-5.87、tDBP=-7.87,P<0.01);而DIBP的含量高于市场中的饮料(P<0.01)。饮料人均日消费(6.52±42.73)g/d,消费量均值0.000004 g/d,HI为0.0004。结论青岛市饮料PAEs的污染普遍存在,青岛市居民经饮料摄入PAEs的健康风险较低。

Objective To investigate the contamination of phthalic acid esters in beverage in Qingdao,and to assess the dietary PAEs exposure and the health risk of intake PAEs from beverage for the residents of Qingdao.Methods In 2017,a total of 36 samples of beverage,including fruit juice and carbonated drinks,were randomly collected from supermarkets and farmer’s markets in Qingdao.The PAEs of beverage was detected according to GB/T 21911-2008(Determination of Phthalate Esters in Food Plastic Packaging Materials).Dietary intake assessment of human exposure was carried out in combination of beverage consumption data with PAEs.Results Of all the beverages investigated,four kinds of PAEs were detected,the detection rates were 25.00%,41.67%,22.22%and 5.56%(P<0.05),respectively.The content of DEHP and DBP in fruit juice was significantly lower than that in carbonated drinks(tDEHP=-17.74,tDBP=-24.97,P<0.01);and the content of DIBP in fruit juice was significantly higher than that in carbonated drinks(P<0.01).Of au the beverages iestigted,the contents of DEHP and DBP in the supermarket were significantly lower than those in the farmer’s market(tDEHP=-5.87,tDBP=-7.87,P<0.01);and the content of DIBP in the supermarket was significantly higher than that of the beverage on the farmer’s market(P<0.01).The average daily consumption of beverage was 6.5±42.7 g/d,the average consumption was 0.000004 g/d,and HI was 0.0004.Conclusion The PAEs contamination in beverage is common in Qingdao.The risk assessment result suggests that the current dietary intake of PAEs from beverage has acceptable effects on human health in Qingdao.