江苏省张家港市成人女性对HPV及其疫苗的认知状况及影响因素

Cognitive status and influencing factors of HPV and its vaccine in adult women in Zhangjiagang City of Jiangsu Province

目的了解张家港市成人女性对人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)及其疫苗的认知状况,探讨其影响因素,为国内HPV疫苗推广使用提供参考依据。方法采用横断面流行病学调查方法,对张家港市18~50岁成人女性进行问卷调查,并对资料进行整理和统计学分析。结果共调查2499名成人女性,听说过HPV及其疫苗的被调查者分别占73.79%(1844/2499)和79.59%(1989/2499),而其总体认知率仅36.45%(911/2499)。不同文化程度、年龄、婚姻状况、职业及居住地对HPV及其疫苗知晓率差异均有统计学意义(χ2=21.15、89.61、104.32、50.27、16.63,P<0.05);同时文化程度、年龄、婚姻状况、职业及居住地是影响是否知晓HPV及其疫苗的因素(OR=1.45、1.31、0.20、0.67、0.62,P<0.05)。抛开疫苗接种适龄问题且在疫苗有效的前提下,被调查者愿意接种HPV疫苗的占90.56%(2263/2499),尤其是30岁以下女性,接种意愿积极,对单支疫苗愿意支付500元以上的占40.46%(1011/2499)。结论张家港市成人女性对HPV及其疫苗的认知较差,相关部门应根据不同人群背景,加强对HPV及其疫苗相关知识的宣传,同时对疫苗价格进行调控或补贴,积极推广HPV疫苗接种。

Objective To understand the cognitive status of human papilloma virus(HPV)and its vaccine in adult women in Zhangjiagang City and explore its influencing factors,and to provide reference for the promotion and use of HPV vaccine in China.Methods A cross-sectional epidemiological survey was conducted on female adults aged 18 to 50 years in Zhangjiagang City,and the data were collated and statistically analyzed.Results A total of 2499 adult women were investigated.The respondents who heard of HPV and its vaccine accounted for 73.79%(1844/2499)and 79.59%(1989/2499)respectively,while their overall cognition rate was only 36.45%(911/2499).There were significant differences in the awareness rate of HPV and its vaccine among different educational levels,ages,marital status,occupations and places of residence(χ2=21.15,89.61,104.32,50.27,16.63,P<0.05).At the same time,educational level,age,marital status,occupation and place of residence were factors affecting whether HPV and its vaccine were known(OR=1.45,1.31,0.20,0.67,0.62,P<0.05).Aside from the age-appropriate problem of vaccination and the effectiveness of the vaccine,90.56%(2263/2499)of the respondents were willing to receive HPV vaccine,especially for women under 30 years old,and 40.46%(1011/2499)were willing to pay more than 500 yuan for a single vaccine.Conclusion Adult women in Zhangjiagang City have a poor understanding of HPV and its vaccines.Relevant departments should strengthen the promotion of HPV and its vaccine-related knowledge according to different population backgrounds,and regulate or subsidize vaccine prices to actively promote HPV vaccination.