基于循证医学评价运动对女性戒毒者体适能和心理健康的影响

Evaluation on the effect of exercise on physical fitness and mental health of female drug addicts based on evidence-based medicine

目的系统评价运动对中国女性戒毒者体适能和心理健康的安全性和有效性。方法计算机检索PubMed、The Cochrane Library、CNKI等6个数据库,搜集运动对女性戒毒者体适能和心理健康的研究,检索时限均为建库至2022年6月。由2名研究者独立筛选文献、提取数据并评价纳入研究的偏倚风险后,采用RevMan 5.4和Stata 15.1软件进行Meta分析。结果共纳入19个RCT,1351名女性戒毒人员。结果显示,运动显著增加闭眼单脚站立时间[MD=11.03,95%CI(5.58,16.48),P<0.001],提高坐位体前屈[MD=2.25,95%CI(0.44,4.06),P=0.01]和肺活量成绩[MD=176.88,95%CI(55.25,298.51),P=0.004],但对改善BMI、SBP和DBP无统计学意义。运动显著降低SDS[MD=-5.96,95%CI(-7.69,-4.22),P<0.001]、SAS[MD=-6.71,95%CI(-9.43,-3.99),P<0.001]和SCL-90评分[MD=-13.19,95%CI(-18.85,-7.53),P<0.001]。结论运动可以有效改善中国女性戒毒者体适能和心理健康水平。

Objective To systematically evaluate the efficacy of exercise on physical fitness and mental health of female drug addicts in China.Methods The computer searched a total of 6 databases,including PubMed,the Cochrane Library,CNKI,etc,which were searched for randomized controlled trials(RCTs)on the efficacy of exercise on physical fitness and mental health of female drug addicts in China from the construction of the database to June 2022.Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4 and Stata 15.1 software after two investigators independently screened the literature,extracted the data and evaluated the risk of bias of the included RCTs.Results Nineteen RCTs and 1351 female drug addicts were included.The results showed that exercise significantly increased the time of stand on one leg with eyes closed[MD=11.03,95%CI(5.58,16.48),P<0.001],improved sitting forward bend[MD=2.25,95%CI(0.44,4.06),P=0.01]and spirometry performance[MD=176.88,95%CI(55.25,298.51),P=0.004].However,there were no statistically significant differences in BMI,SBP or DBP between the groups.Exercise significantly reduced SDS[MD=-5.96,95%CI(-7.69,-4.22),P<0.001],SAS[MD=-6.71,95%CI(-9.43,-3.99),P<0.001]and SCL-90 scores[MD=-13.19,95%CI(-18.85,-7.53),P<0.001].Conclusion Exercise was effective in improving physical fitness and mental health in female drug addicts.