安纳托利亚语族塞音叠写现象探微:以赫梯语为考察中心

Gemination of Stops in Anatolian Languages:Hittite as a Case in Point

在安纳托利亚语族各语言中,塞音叠写现象普遍存在,以楔形文字作为书写符号的赫梯语表现得尤为突出。本文以赫梯语塞音叠写现象为考察中心,从共时和历时两个层面重新审视安纳托利亚语的塞音叠写现象,反思斯特蒂文特音系规则(Sturtevant’s Law)存在的问题,并结合印欧语言学界的学术动态提出这一现象相关的研究命题和思路。本文认为,塞音叠写反映了赫梯语塞音的音长对立,而非根据斯特蒂文特音系规则得出的嗓音性对立。

Geminate spelling of stops is common in all the languages attested of Anatolian language family,especially in Hittite which uses cuneiform script.This paper takes geminate spelling of stops in Hittite as a case in point,to reexamine the phonetic realization of stops in the Anatolian languages synchronically and diachronically from the perspectives of philology,phonology and typology.Reflecting on the problems and academic disputes existing in the Sturtevant’s Law,this paper argues that the geminate spelling reflects the[±long]opposition of stops in Hittite synchronically,rather than the[±voice]opposition as held by the traditional view.