一语在藏–汉–英三语者二语语义通达中的中介作用

The Mediating Role of L1 in L2 Semantic Access Among Tibetan-Chinese-English Trilinguals

本研究设计了一个SOA为200ms的快速启动范式的ERP实验,采用真假词判断任务考察一语在藏–汉–英三语者二语语义通达中的中介作用。结果发现二语熟练或较熟练的三语者的汉、藏词汇表征直接相连,藏语在汉语语义通达中发挥重要中介作用。结合本实验及以往研究,我们认为,受二语水平、学习方法、教学媒介语、语言使用频率和双语互译特殊语言经历等因素的共同影响,在二语语义通达中,一语的中介作用呈动态变化,具有多样性和复杂性。即使双语形态差异巨大,且二语熟练,二语仍可能借助一语词汇表征间接通达语义。修正层级模型(revised hierarchic model,RHM)并不完全适合所有类型的双语者和三语者。

With a fast-priming ERP experiment taking a 200ms SOA,the present study adopts a lexical decision task to investigate the mediating role of L1 in L2 semantic access among Tibetan-Chinese-English trilinguals.The results show that for trilinguals who are proficient or nearly proficient in Chinese,their L2 lexical representations are directly linked to those of their L1.The Tibetan language plays an important mediating role in their Chinese semantic access.Based on this result and those reported by previous studies,we maintain that due to the combined effects of L2 proficiency,learning methods,medium of instruction,language use frequency,and special experiences in bilingual translation,the mediating role of L1 in L2 semantic access changes dynamically,presenting a picture of diversity and complexity.Though morphological differences between L1 and L2 are all too obvious and the subjects are proficient in L2,the meanings of L2 words can be indirectly accessed through the lexical representations of their L1 equivalents.RHM cannot explain the mediating role of L1 in L2 semantic access in all bilinguals or trilinguals.