语言景观与空间的关系——基于“三里屯酒吧一条街”的分析

Linguistic Landscape and Space:An Analytic Exposition Based on Findings from Beijing Sanlitun Bar Street

对北京市“三里屯酒吧一条街”的调查发现,“自上而下”设立的街名、“自下而上”设立的酒吧名,以及店铺广告等语言景观,由具体的空间规定,体现出空间功能从不确定的可能性转变为确定的选择,反映了13家酒吧在这一转化过程中路径的差异。这一过程需要语言符号的介入。从13家酒吧的情况看,语言符号转变为语言景观,在能指上发生分化,在所指上延伸了意义。语言景观表征了“酒吧一条街”的空间意义,通过消费者、游客、市民的传播,形成了关于“三里屯酒吧一条街”的社会话语,在北京市的城市空间体系中实现了合理化。“三里屯酒吧一条街”语言景观构成了“语言意识形态”规范下的“空间神话”,为解读北京城市空间的意义提供了线索。

As investigation on Beijing Sanlitun Bar Street discloses that both the street name set up in a“top-down”mode,and bar names as well as commercial billboards designed in a“bottom up”manner,are regulated by specific spatial contexts.There is a preferential selection from multiple potential spatial functions,i.e.,indeterminate multiple spatial functions being transformed into a determinate one by means of these linguistic landscapes.The 13 bars in this street have realized such functional potentiality with distinct paths.This transforming process requires engagement of linguistic signs.Linguistic signs,when transformed into a linguistic landscape,have diversified their signifiers,and expanded their scopes of meaning.Linguistic landscapes index spatial meanings of Beijing Sanlitun Bar Street,and contribute to social discourses about this street through the dissemination of consumers,passersby,and residents.Both the spatial meanings and social positioning of the street come to be rationalized within Beijing’s metropolitan system of space.Linguistic landscapes of Sanlitun Bar Street contribute to Beijing’s“space myth”governed by linguistic ideology,and provide clues for decoding meanings of the city’s space.