基于数据挖掘的新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)中医证型分布及其中医药治疗用药规律分析

Study on Medication Laws and TCM Syndrome of COVID-19 Based on Data Mining

目的:分析各地诊治新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)的中医分型,探究其用药规律,为更好发挥中医药防治新冠肺炎的优势及评价其治疗价值提供参考依据。方法:回顾性分析针对COVID-19开展的成组病例分析、回顾性病例分析及病例对照等相关研究,应用关联规则、聚类分析、频次统计等数据挖掘方法,研究COVID-19的证型分布及用药规律。结果:COVID-19证型中,寒湿郁肺证居首位,占比为10.1%;其次为湿热蕴肺证,占比为8.2%;湿毒郁肺证、寒湿阻肺证和湿阻肺胃证分别占比为8.0%、5.0%和4.6%,治疗的药物多性温、寒、平,味辛、甘、苦,入肺、脾、胃经,组方以苦杏仁-麻黄、杏仁-石膏、桔梗-甘草、半夏-陈皮等配伍为主,以麻杏甘石汤、达原饮、藿朴夏苓汤等为基础方加减以发挥宣肺散寒、清热解毒、燥湿理气等功效。结论:综合COVID-19证型与用药规律,在一定程度上证实其病因病机、病位病性,乃至病程进展规律,为中医药防治COVID-19提供参考。

Objective:To analyze the types of TCM syndromes in the diagnosis and treatment of new coronavirus pneumonia(COVID-19)in various regions,explore the rules of drug use,and provide a reference for better exerting the advantages of TCM in preventing and treating new coronary pneumonia and evaluating its value.Methods:COVID-19 distribution of syndromes and drug use were studied by using data mining methods such as association rules,cluster analysis,frequency statistics and so on.Results:Among the COVID-19 syndrome types,cold and dampness stagnation lung syndrome was the first,accounting for 10.1%,followed bydampness and heat accumulation lung syndrome,accounting for 8.2%,dampness toxin stagnation lungsyndrome,cold and dampness obstruction lung syndrome and dampness obstruction lung stomach syndrome accounted for 8.0%,5.0%and 4.6%,respectively.The drugs used for treatment have multiple characteristics of warm,cold,calm,pungent,sweet and bitter taste,and enter the lung,spleen,and stomach meridians.The formula is based on the compatibility of bitter almond-ephedra,almond-gypsum,platycodon-licorice,pinellia-chenpi,etc.,based on the addition and subtraction of Maxing Ganshi Decoction,Dayuan Yin,Huopu Xialing Decoction,etc.It has the effects of dispelling cold,clearing heat and detoxification,drying dampness and regulating Qi.Conclusion:Synthesizing COVID-19 syndrome types and medication rules,to a certain extent,proves its etiology,pathogenesis,disease location,and disease progression rules,laying agood foundation for traditional Chinese medicine to prevent and treat COVID-19.