基于数据可视化的新型冠状病毒肺炎中医诊疗思路探析

Analysis of the Method of Diagnosis and Treatment of COVID-19 Based on Data Visualization

目的:结合客观数据探讨新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)的中医诊疗思路。方法:收集截至2020年3月31日国家及各省、自治区和直辖市卫健委、中医药管理局官方网站所发布的最新COVID-19中医相关诊疗方案,借助Microsoft Excel 2007、SPSS Statistics 20.0、SPSS Modeler 14.1、Cytoscape等统计学软件,运用频次、降维、聚类、关联方法对COVID-19确诊病例的中药治疗处方进行分析,实现数据可视化分析。结果:对210首内服处方分析得出,各地区诊疗方案用药以甘草、杏仁、麻黄、茯苓、半夏、生石膏等为常用,其中温性药物使用最多,寒性药物次之,药味以苦、甘、辛为主,归经以肺、胃、脾经为主;简单对应分析将疾病分期与药物分类的关联以散点图形式表现;聚类分析将高频药物聚为10类;常用药对药组为草果-槟榔、藿香-生姜、葶苈子-生石膏、麻黄-杏仁-生石膏-甘草、半夏-陈皮-茯苓-白术等。结论:中医认为新冠肺炎易犯肺胃,病性属寒热错杂,治法上强调分期论治,疾病早期予邪气以出路,内化湿浊和中土,从少阳入手"既病防变";重症期兼顾脏腑表里,清解气分营血热;危重症期之回阳固脱重敛阴;恢复期气阴双补,培土生金防邪恋。

Objective:To explore the traditional Chinese medicine diagnosis and treatment of CoronaVirus Disease 2019(COVID-19)with objective data.Methods:To collect the latest COVID-19 TCM diagnosis and treatment programs published on the official website of the State and provinces,autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government as of March 31,2020.With the help of statistical software such as Microsoft Excel 2007、SPSS Statistics 20.0、SPSS Modeler 14.1、Cytoscape,frequency,dimensionality reduction,clustering and association methods were used to analysis the Chinese medicine treatment prescription of the COVID-19’confirmed cases to achieve data visualization.Results:According to the analysis of 210 prescriptions,liquorice,almond,ephedra,Poria cocos,Pinellia ternata and raw gypsum were commonly used.Among them,the medicinal properties of the herbs used mainiy warm,cold followed,bitterness,pungent,sweet of herbs are most commonly used.The meridian herbs to the lung,stomach and spleen.Simple correspondence analysis shows the association between disease staging and herb classification as a scatter plot.Clustering analysis of high-frequency herbs into ten categories.The commonly used herb combinations are amomum tsao-ko-areca catechu,patchouli-ginger,lepidium seed-raw gypsum,ephedra-almond-raw gypsum-liquorice,Pinellia ternata-Pericarpium Citri Reticulata-Poria cocos-Atractylodes macrocephala,etc.Conclusion:In the theory of TCM,COVID-19 easily invades lung and stomach,which nature belongs to the mixture of cold and heat,the treatment by stages are emphasized.The early stage of the disease gives evil qi to the way out,internalizing dampness and turbid and middle soil,preventing disease from entering Shaoyang;takeing into account the Viscera and Bowels,exterior and interior in severe period,clearing away heat that fill of qi and blood;critical period must remember to return the Yang and protect the Yin;finally,in the recovery period,preventing evil qi from remaining by adding Qi and Yin together,Strengthening Earth to Support Metal.