用于调控多年冻土路基的太阳能压缩式制冷装置现场试验

Field test of solar driven compression refrigeration apparatus for temperature control of the permafrost subgrade

为了防治多年冻土地区路基下覆多年冻土退化问题,针对已研发的太阳能压缩式制冷装置,在交通运输部青海冻土研究观测基地开展现场制冷性能试验研究。结果表明:该装置在寒季与暖季均能正常运行工作,可以持续为土体降温;制冷方式会影响制冷温度沿深度方向的分布情况,采用自下而上的制冷方式更利于降低多年冻土地温;制冷效果不可避免地受到环境温度影响,平均制冷温度与环境温度呈正相关,寒季的平均制冷温度较低,最低可达-7.97℃,暖季的制冷温度较高,最高约为-3.98℃;当管壁的平均制冷温度低于-6.5℃时,装置的制冷量大于向土体的传冷量,冷量可以在壁侧积累;装置的制冷半径受环境温度影响,制冷半径为1.95~2.61 m,在路基工程中,可按照4~5 m间距进行双侧布置。总之,太阳能压缩式制冷装置可以实现对多年冻土路基的温度调控,保障路基长期的稳定性和安全性。

In order to prevent the degradation of permafrost under subgrade in permafrost area,and test the refrigeration effect of the developed solar driven compression refrigeration apparatus,the field test was carried out in Qinghai Permafrost Research and Observation Base of the Ministry of Transportation.The results show that the apparatus can continuously cool the soil in cold season and warm season.The refrigeration mode can affect the distribution of refrigeration temperature along the pipe wall,and the bottom-up refrigeration mode is more effective to cool the permafrost subgrade.The average refrigeration temperature of the apparatus is positively correlated with the ambient temperature.The average refrigeration temperature in cold season is lower,the lowest is-7.97℃,and the highest is-3.98℃in warm season.When the average refrigeration temperature is lower than-6.5℃,the refrigeration capacity of the apparatus is greater than that of the soil,the soil cold storage capacity increases and the ground temperature decreases,on the contrary,the ground temperature increases.The refrigeration radius of the apparatus is affected by the ambient temperature,and the refrigeration radius is 1.95-2.61 m.The apparatus can be arranged on both sides according to the distance of 4-5 m in subgrade engineering.To sum up,the solar driven compression refrigeration apparatus can be effectively applied to the temperature control of permafrost subgrade and can guarantee the reliability and safety of permafrost subgrade in a long term.