近现代上海公寓形态与家庭生活结构重组

Apartment Forms and Structural Reorganization of Domestic Life inModern Shanghai

城市空间现代性特征之一是公寓型居住建筑的普及。为探究公寓所创造的空间形态极具多样性的成因,以1930-1940年代发生在上海赛华与乔治公寓(1)内的家庭生活为例,考察上海家庭与城市公寓形成的“人—空间”范式,以此剖析建筑与生活的供需关系。本文通过探究公寓的引入、公寓空间形态及其与家庭生活的相互作用,以期理解城市公寓与家庭生活的关联性。从对近现代公寓的释读中,本文介绍了与公寓形态多样性匹配的是家庭结构逐步小型化,并揭示了人与空间相互促进的能动关系,为海派文化的诠释与发展提供有益的依据与启示。

One of the characteristics of urban modernity is the widespread presence of apartment buildings.In order to identify contributing causes for spatial diversity among apartments,this paper examines the example of domestic life within Shanghai’s Savoy and George Apartments during the 1930s and 1940s.It examines the paradigm of“human-space”formed by the Shanghai family and the urban apartment,so as to analyze the supply and demand relationship between architecture and urban life.By exploring the introduction of the apartment,its spatial configuration,and its interaction with domestic life,a correlation emerges between urban apartments and domestic life.This interpretation of the apartment shows that apartment diversity coincides with a gradual reduction in family structure.This indicates the mutually reinforcing instrumental relationship between humans and space,providing useful lessons for the development of contemporary Shanghai culture.