元朝大都梅朵热哇今地考

A Study on the Present Location of me tog ra ba in the Capital Dadu of the Yuan Dynasty

文章依据汉藏文资料,对藏文史书中记载的元朝大都梅朵热哇(me tog ra ba)今地做了考证,认为该地可能是位于今北京市西城区阜成门内大街路北妙应寺的故“大圣寿万安寺”。它既是帝师们撰写法旨、颁布命令、从事法事活动并最终圆寂之地,也是担任帝师的萨迦派高僧活动的中心,还是总制院所在地。汉文中的“活佛”一词,最早出现在元世祖忽必烈至元年间,而非目前大家熟知的明正德年间。

Based on Chinese and Xizangan materials,this paper researched the present location of me tog ra ba in the Yuan Dynasty Dadu recorded in X izangan historic books,and believed that the site may be“Dasheng Shou Wan an Temple”,the former site of Miaoying Temple in the north of Fuchengmen Nei Street,Xicheng District,Beijing.It is not only the place where the imperial teachers wrote decrees,issued orders,engaged in ritual activities and finally died,but also the center of activities of the Sakya monks who served as the imperial teachers,and the seat of the General System Academy.The Chinese word“sprul-sku”first appeared in the Zhiyuan period of Kublai Khan,the Emperor Shizu of the Yuan Dynasty,rather than the currently well-known Ming Zhengde period.